Day 3 :
- Track 2: Obesity and Health Complications
Track 7: Weightloss and Fitness in Women
Track 9: Traditional and Conventional Weight Loss Therapies
Location: Liberty-4
Chair
Adarsh K Gupta
University of Rowan, USA
Co-Chair
Suman Ahuja
Lincoln University, USA
Session Introduction
Lixin Li
University of Central Michigan, USA
Title: Liraglutide protects high fat high sucrose diet induced obesity through elevation of energy expenditure
Time : 12:10-12:40
Biography:
Lixin Li received her Medical Degree in 1989 and obtained her PhD degree in 2002. Dr. Li did her Postdoctoral training in the department of Physiology at University of Toronto. She is the assistant professor in physician assistant program at Central Michigan University. Her research interests have been focused on the underlying mechanism of pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes with a specific focus on β-cell dysfunction as well as the molecular mechanism of obesity associated insulin resistance. Her major research interest also include the proglucagon-derived peptides, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its role in regulating growth and function of the beta-cell. Her current research is studying the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of GLP-1 included in weight loss
Abstract:
Obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke. Glucagon like peptide -1 (GLP-1) is synthesized by the L cells of ileal mucosa and is released after nutrients ingestion. GLP-1 potentiates glucose-induced insulin secretion. Liraglutide, a full agonist of the GLP-1 receptor, has long-lasting. Although research has found the protective effect of GLP-1 agonist on weight gain in type 2 diabetes, the mechanisms is not clear. Brown adipose tissue plays a major role in the control of energy balance in rodents, whether GLP-1 activate the brown fat activity or differentiation has not been studied. In this study, we examine the potential protective effect of liraglutide on high fat high sucrose (HFHS) diet induced obesity. Four groups of mice were fed with regular chow or HFHS diet, liraglutide (100µg /kg) or vehicle (PBS) were injected daily for five weeks. The mice body weight increased by 12% in chow diet group and increased by 32.9% in HFHS diet group after 5 weeks. Liraglutide significantly attenuate the weight gain in both chow diet (increased by 8%) and HFHS diet (increased by 16% ), which is associated with significantly reduced epididymal fat mass. Reduce food intake was observed in liraglutide treated mice comparing with control groups, however, liraglutide fail to suppress food consumption after three weeks’ treatment. Liraglutide increased the mRNA level of brown fat specific genes including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPAR-ϒ (PPAR-γ), uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), and cell death activator-a (Cidea) in skeletal muscle tissue from HFHS diet fed mice. These data indicate that protective effects of liraglutide on diet induced obesity may act through multiple mechanisms, including suppressing appetite, and increasing energy expenditure. Liraglutide is a potential therapy for obesity and obesity related metabolic disorders
Adarsh K Gupta
University of Rowan, USA
Title: Challenges in caring for obese patients
Time : 12:40-13:10
Biography:
Adarsh K Gupta, is a speaker, consultant and author who specialize in medical weight loss and metabolic disorders. He is Center Director of Medical Weight Loss and Metabolic Control that focuses on improving metabolic disorders (diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) and functional disorders (severe arthritis, sleep apnea, knee pain, etc.) with weight management. In addition, he is an associate professor of family medicine at the Rowan University. Dr. Gupta has presented locally, regionally and nationally on the topics related to Obesity, Weight Management and Integration of Technology in Medicine
Abstract:
Negative attitudes toward obese persons are pervasive in North American society. Numerous studies have documented harmful weight based stereotypes that overweight and obese individuals are lazy, weak-willed, unsuccessful, unintelligent, lack self-discipline, have poor willpower, and are noncompliant with weight-loss treatment. These stereotypes give way to stigma, prejudice, and discrimination against obese persons in multiple domains of living, including the workplace and health care facilities. Weight bias can take multiple forms in health care settings, and can exist in both subtle and overt ways, e.g. provider attitudes, medical equipment limitations, weighing procedures and office environment. Weight bias leads to negative psychological, social, economic, and physical health consequences for obese individuals, and can also have an impact on health care utilization. To optimize obesity prevention and intervention efforts, these assumptions must be addressed within the sphere of public health, with recognition of the harmful impact of weight stigma on quality of life and the need to eliminate stigma from current and future public health approaches to the obesity epidemic
Suman Ahuja
University of Lincoln, USA
Title: Effects of omega-3 fatty acids and exercise on biomarkers association with cardiovascular diseases
Biography:
Suman Ahuja has completed a PhD in Clinical/Medical nutrition with an emphasis on obesity treatment and prevention. Presently, she is designing an obesity and cardiovascular treatment and prevention laboratory in Jefferson City, MO. She has published several peer reviewed articles in scientific journals in addition to popular global websites like yahoo health. She is also the recipient of several grants from entities such as the USDA. Her primary work involves treatment and prevention of obesity in addition to investigation biomarkers such as leptin, ghrelin, insulin, and cortisol. She has collaborated with faculty across the globe on several clinical projects
Abstract:
Introduction: Obesity and its associated health problems such as cardiovascular diseases, certain cancers, and diabetes are the biggest public health concerns today. A balanced diet and regular exercise are vital for the prevention and treatment of obesity-related health issues. Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids appear to lower risk factors for cardio-metabolic disorders. Method: A case-control study was undertaken to provide community residents with nutrition and exercise counseling. Blood samples to assess lipid profiles, comprehensive diet history, physical activity level, and anthropometric data were obtained to study the effect of omega-3 fatty acids and exercise on risk factors associated with cardio-metabolic risk markers. Paired-sample t-test was used to test the significance of the differences between pre- and post-intervention measures. Results: Significant changes were observed in most of the cardio-metabolic indicators. An average of 1.1 unit decrease in body mass index (BMI) and 1.0 unit in body fat was observed in pre- and post-intervention measures (p<0.001). The intervention also resulted in a statistically significant decline in body weight (mean decrease=7.2 lbs.; p=0.000). An average reduction of 3.9 inches in waist circumference and 2.9 inches in hip circumference demonstrates significant effect of diet and exercise intervention (p<0.000 for both measures). Discussion: One of the most effective ways to reduce cardio-metabolic associated disease risk is to induce weight loss. Diet and exercise counseling are effective tools to promote behavior changes that result in weight loss. These findings strengthen evidence that health professionals can utilize effective non-invasive strategies to reduce chronic disease risk associated with obesity
Brandy E Strahan
University of Florida, USA
Title: Obesity in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders
Time : 14:40-15:10
Biography:
Brandy Strahan is working on completing her PhD at the University of Florida, College of Nursing and completed her MSN at Florida State University in Nursing Education. She is an assistant professor at the University of West Florida, Department of Nursing, teaching pediatric nursing as well as community and public health nursing. She is a member of Sigma Theta Tau International and has served as treasurer
Abstract:
Adolescents with developmental disabilities such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be particularly vulnerable to obesity due to the behavioral, physical, and psychosocial complications related to their condition. This presentation provides a general background related to obesity in adolescence with specific emphasis on obesity in the ASD population. A search of PubMed, CINAHL, and ProQuest databases revealed several studies which demonstrated that interventions involving physical activity with typically developing, obese adolescents can have positive effects on body mass index, weight, and body composition. However, these findings also suggest that more research is needed to help tailor these interventions to meet the needs of similar adolescents with ASD. To clarify these needs, we present a case study that illustrates the special challenges of treating an obese adolescent with ASD and then offer suggestions for future research
Sjaak Pouwels
Catharina Hospital, The Netherlands
Title: Aspects of exercise before or after bariatric surgery: A systemic review
Time : 15:10-15:40
Biography:
Sjaak Pouwels, MD, recently finished Medical School (Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, the Netherlands) and is currently working on his PhD thesis called ‘Exercise and physiology in Abdominal and Bariatric surgery’ at the Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, the Netherlands. He is currently working in the Catharina Hospital Eindhoven in the Netherlands, at both the general surgery department and the bariatric centre. His main research interests are perioperative physiology and exercise in the broadest way possible
Abstract:
Introduction Bariatric surgery has a considerable effect on weight loss. A positive relation of exercise and weight loss has been described before. Objectives To systematically review the mode of exercise and its timing pre- or postoperative or a combination in the bariatric surgical population. Methods A multi database search was conducted. Identified articles were reviewed on description of exercise, timing around a bariatric intervention and outcome. Methodological quality of the included studies was rated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. A Cohen’s kappa score assessed the level of agreement. Outcome measurements were improvement of anthropometric and physical fitness variables, operation related complications, weight regain and quality of life. Results A total of eight prospective studies were included. Four focussed on training before and four on training after a bariatric procedure. Details of exercises varied from 45 minutes treadmill up to full descriptive programs. Supervision was frequently included. Significant improvement was encountered for biometric results physical fitness variables. Conclusion In the majority of reports on exercising in a (future) bariatric population, a positive effect on anthropometrics, cardiovascular risk factors and physical fitness was described. However, the results were not unanimous, with a wide range of exercise programs and peri-operative timing and therefore hampering adequate practical guidance
Alper Celik
Turkish Metabolic Surgery Foundation, Turkey
Title: Metabolic surgery and functional restriction
Time : 15:40-16:10
Biography:
Alper Celik graduated from Ankara University School of Medicine in 1999 and started his training in the field of General Surgery in 2000. Following the invitation of Professor Fumio Konishi, he worked as a clinical and research fellow at Saitama Medical Center of Jichi Medical University during 2007 in Japan. He also worked with Dr Ricardo Cohen and Dr Louis Berti in Brazil and Dr Muffazal Lakdawala and Dr Suren Ugale in India. What shaped his career in the field of Metabolic Surgery was the BPD (Biliopancreatic Diversion) technique training he received in Italy from Nicola Scopinaro. He set up Metabolic Surgery Clinic in 2011. He received Surgeon of Excellence in 2013 by Surgical Review Corporation. He is the Founder and President of both Turkish Metabolic Surgery Foundation and Metabolic Surgery Association
Abstract:
Metabolic Syndrome threat and two of its most important components, obesity and type-2 diabetes have escalated in prevalence into such a magnitude that can only be described as an epidemic. Traditional treatment methods including life style changes, diet, exercise and medication have failed to achieve desired results for an important portion of patients. Currently, the most effective treatment for obesity and type-2 diabetes is surgical procedures. There is no treatment option that can achieve remission for the entire compounds of Metabolic Syndrome with high efficiency. However, it should be known that there are numerous methods used for the surgical treatment of metabolic syndrome and all of these methods have advantages, disadvantages and restrictions of their own. Also, each has their own rate of efficiency. We, as surgeons working in this field should keep our responsibilities in mind. It is not appropriate to end one drug addiction while at the same time creating another one. That is why we should focus on providing ileal proximalization without causing Malabsorption which is a disease itself as outlined by WHO. This attempt will provide a ‘’functional restriction’’ rather than a ‘’Mechanical Restriction’’. Functional restriction means providing metabolic satiety and insulinomimetic effect to the patients by activating ileal hormones. Mechanical restriction aims to decrease the food intake by creating a static obstacle either as a small pouch, a narrow sleeve or an anastomosis. Mechanical restriction is the main point of obesity surgery procedures and that is why and where obesity surgery and metabolic surgery differ. Ileal Transposition and Transit Bipartition are surgical procedures that aim to achieve functional restriction. Briefly, the method focuses on ‘’interposing’’ a segment of ileum after the stomach and therefore maximize distal intestine activity, while at the same time transecting the duodenum to minimize proximal activity. These operations are complex and technically difficult operations which demands serious training and experience. But it is feasible and safe in the hands of well-trained and experienced teams. It should be noted that an excellent clinical order must also be present which includes pre-operative evaluation, post-operative monitorization and long term follow-up
Mona Boaz
University of Ariel, Israel
Title: Macronutrient composition in weight loss diets - a meta- analysis
Time : 16:30-17:00
Biography:
Mona Boaz completed her PhD in Epidemiology at the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University. She also holds a MSc in Nutrition and is a Registered Dietitian. She is a full professor at Ariel University, School of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition. Additionally, Prof. Boaz heads the Epidemiology and Research Unit at E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon
Abstract:
Background: Despite their poor long term performance, dietary interventions for weight loss remain the first line treatment for obesity. In addition to energy restriction, some diets emphasize manipulation of macronutrient composition to promote weight loss. Such diets may be broadly classified into low fat and low carbohydrate diets. Objectives: This meta-analysis was designed to compare low fat to low carbohydrate diets in terms of weight loss or maintenance of weight loss. Methods: Studies were included in the present meta-analysis if they were 1) well-designed randomized clinical trials comparing low fat to low carbohydrate diets; 2) included healthy overweight and obese adults; 3) measured body weight as the primary endpoint; 4) were published in 2009 or later. Results: Four studies meeting all inclusion criteria were identified. Together, these studies 1878 subjects, 941 of whom were exposed to low carbohydrate diets and 937 to low fat diets. Two of the studies targeted weight loss as the primary endpoint, and two studies maintenance of weight lost using meal replacement products. Overall compliance was poor and attrition was high across studies. In a random effects model, no significant advantage to either diet strategy could be identified – standardized differnece in means -0.07, 95% CI -0.3-0.4, p=0.7. Conclusions: Manipulation of macronutrient composition of weight loss diets does not appear to be associated with significantly different weight loss outcomes. Both types of macronutrient-centered weight loss diets appear to be associated with poor adherence and high attrition rates. Novel weight loss strategies must be investigated
Hamdy Abdou Asem
Sadat City University, Egypt
Title: A comparative study between players of football and handball in Egyptian national team in Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
Time : 17:00-17:30
Biography:
Hamdy Abdou Asem has completed his PhD at 1996 from Helwan University Egypt and postdoctoral from Helwan University Egypt in Physical Education College He Chairman of Sports Health Sciences Department Faculty of Physical Education University of Sadat City Egypt. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute
Abstract:
The change in Heart Rate Variability (HRV) trends of modern research in sports and importance in the field of sports training, and in these areas, the change in Heart Rate Variability (HRV) useful in the assessment of changes associated with nerve own short-term training and long-term in all sports recreational and competitive high-level, as can be used (HRV) in the identification of training overload, and leads regular aerobic training to improve the Heart Rate Variability (HRV).Objectives of the study: Identify the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) to the football players and the handball players Egyptian national teams The study asked: Are different functional duties of players to the football and Handball affect change with the Heart Rate Variability (HRV)? . The study concluded the following results: 1- Heart Rate Variability (HRV) for the Handball players Superiority Compared with the Football (I / E -MV) 2-Handball players in the rear with their length Heavier home better low rate in heart rate represented by the shortage of (MV: Average R-R interval) and ratio ( I-E: Difference Inspirium and Expirium heart rate) 3-Index overall Total Power in favor of the Football players
- Track 3: Weight Management Strategies
Track 4: Surgical Procedures for Weight Loss
Track 5: Child hood Obesity- Causes and Risk Factors
Location: Liberty-4
Chair
Alper Celik
Turkish Metabolic Surgery Foundation, Turkey
Co-Chair
Stacy D Hunter
Pure Action Inc., USA
Session Introduction
Marvin A Sackner
University of Miami, USA
Title: If you choose to stay seated “Don’t sit stillTMâ€
Time : 11:40-12:10
Biography:
Marvin A Sackner has completed his MD from University of Zurich, he was born in 1932, educated at Jefferson Medical College from 1953-1957, trained in Medicine and Cardiology at Philadelphia General Hospital until 1961 and was a Research Fellow in Physiology at University of Pennsylvania from 1961-1964. He has been in Miami ever since as Chief of Pulmonary Diseases and Medicine, Mt. Sinai Medical Center as well as Professor of Medicine, University of Miami. He was President of the American Thoracic Society and Chairman, American Subspecialty Board of Pulmonary Disease. He has authored 225 scientifi c publications and 3 books and holds 34 American patents
Abstract:
FDA has exempted from regulation, low-risk general wellness devices used in conjunction with a healthy lifestyle to help reduce risk or help living well with heart disease, high blood pressure and Type-2 diabetes. A sedentary lifestyle is unhealthy viz., an average adult spends 50 to 70% of waking hours sitting at a computer screen in a car or watching television; 80% of Americans do not exercise. To mitigate excessive sitting, several low-risk wellness devices have become available that include sitting-standing, treadmill and cycling desks and step counting with accelerometers. All require active participation not readily accepted or complied with on a long-term basis by the general population. We fabricated a passive device, the“Gentle JoggerTM†in which a seated subject places feet upon two motorized pedals that are reciprocally moved at jogging speed to fl ex and extend the ankle with soles tapping against a rigid surface. Applications of 15 to 30 minutes between or aft er meals are recommended. Seated, “jogging†permits single tasking while operating a computer, reading, conversing or watching television. It operates through an off -on switch, is portable weighing 5 kg or 11 lb., and fi ts within a roller bag. It has an LED display of step counts that can be logged for consumer feedback with options for monitoring of pulse rate, blood pressure and glucose on an iPhone or iPad before, during and aft er a treatment. On cessation of treatment, the subject oft en perceives a temporary, pleasant, tingling, sensation in the legs that may migrate to the body
Stacy D Hunter
Pure Action, Inc. USA
Title: Hot yoga and obesity-related metabolic dysfunction
Time : 12:10-12:40
Biography:
Stacy Hunter is the Research Director for Pure Action, Inc. a nonprofi t organization devoted to funding yoga research and providing yoga to underserved populations. She is also an affi liate of the University of Texas at Austin where she received her PhD in Clinical Exercise Physiology studying the effects of yoga on vascular function in the Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory. She has published several studies on the impact of various styles of yoga on vascular function and glucose tolerance and traveled the US and abroad presenting her fi ndings
Abstract:
Insulin resistance is associated with obesity and advancing age. Although much evidence supports a positive role of traditional exercise in improving metabolic function, only a few studies have employed yoga as an interventional strategy. Yoga may present a feasible alternative exercise for obese adults due to the low-impact nature and moderate-intensity of this activity. As indirect evidence has shown benefi cial eff ects of stretching and thermal therapy on glucose metabolism, we investigated the eff ect of 8 weeks of hot yoga, a combination of thermal therapy and fl exibility training on glucose tolerance in both lean and obese adults. Although no changes in anthropometric measures occurred in lean adults, body mass and body mass index signifi cantly declined in obese subjects as a result of the hot yoga intervention. Glucose tolerance also improved in obese but not in lean adults. Bikram yoga may be an eff ective alternate therapy for the treatment of obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.
Brandy E Strahan
University of Florida, USA
Title: The effect of video-game playing on overweight/obese adolescents with autism spectrum disorders
Time : 13:40-14:10
Biography:
Brandy Strahan is working on completing her PhD at the University of Florida, College of Nursing and completed her MSN at Florida State University in Nursing Education. She is an assistant professor at the University of West Florida, Department of Nursing, teaching pediatric nursing as well as community and public health nursing. She is a member of Sigma Theta Tau International and has served as treasurer
Abstract:
Obesity is a problem of epidemic proportions for children, and children with developmental disorders, specifically autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are at higher risk (30.4%) than the general population (23.6%). Although numerous studies have addressed adolescent obesity in the typically developing population, none exists for adolescents with ASD. The ongoing dissertation research incorporates physical activity through video gaming that should appeal to the adolescent. A single subject, multiple baseline design will be used to determine if inactive and active video gaming has an effect on weight, BMI, waist-to-neck ratio, and triceps skinfold as well as self-reported stress and anxiety. Parental satisfaction will assessed to help determine the social validity of the intervention for improving health outcomes
Sjaak Pouwels
Catharina Hospital, The Netherlands
Title: Effects of bariatric surgery on inspiratory muscle strength
Time : 14:10-14:40
Biography:
Sjaak Pouwels, MD, recently finished Medical School (Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, the Netherlands) and is currently working on his PhD thesis called ‘Exercise and physiology in Abdominal and Bariatric surgery’ at the Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, the Netherlands. He is currently working in the Catharina Hospital Eindhoven in the Netherlands, at both the general surgery department and the bariatric centre. His main research interests are perioperative physiology and exercise in the broadest way possible
Abstract:
Introduction The respiratory function is affected by obesity due to an increased deposition of fat on the chest wall. Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the strength of the inspiratory respiratory muscles of obese individuals and the possible influence of bariatric surgery. Methods Of the patients referred to our bariatric centre between the 3rd of October 2011 and the 3rd of May 2012 the Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) was measured at screening and 3, 6 and 9 months postoperative. Results The mean age of the 124 included patients was 42.9 ± 11.0 years and mean BMI was 43.1 ± 5.2 kg/m2. The mean predicted MIP preoperatively was 127 ± 31 in cm H2O and the mean measured MIP was 102 ± 24 in cm H2O. Three patients (2.4%) received training. Three months after surgery the MIP was 76 ± 26 cm H2O, after 6 months 82 ± 28 cm H2O and after 9 months 86 ± 28 cm H2O. All postoperative measurements were significant lower than preoperatively (P<0.05). No significant difference was found between patients who had a sleeve gastrectomy compared to a gastric bypass (P=0.06, P=0.165 and P=0.124 after 3, 6 and 9 months respectively). The only influencing factor for the preoperative MIP was age (p=0.014). Conclusion The preoperative MIP values were significantly lower than the predicted MIP values and a significant decrease in inspiratory pressures was found at 3, 6 and 9 months after bariatric surgery
May N Al-Muammar
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Title: Predictors of physicians’ practices related to nutritional counseling and management in Riyadh City
Time : 14:40-15:10
Biography:
May N Al - Muammar is an associate professor of Nutrition at King Saud University. She completed her PhD on 2003 from King Saud University and her masters on 1992 from Iowa State University. She is the dean of the college of Applied medical sciences in King Saud University, Riyadh, for the last two years till present. She has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and is a member of various scientifi c associations including Saudi Dietetic association, American School Health Association and Sheikh Ali Bin Sulaiman Alshehri Chair for Research and Treatment of Obesity
Abstract:
Background: A growing interest has become increasing in the role of physicians as eff ective resources for the promotion of good nutritional practices, however, the factors that impede their Nutritional Counseling & Management practice (NC&M) are not clearly understood in Saudi Arabia. Objectives: Th e objectives of the study were to investigate physicians’ practices concerning NC&M and to explore some determinants that predict such practices. Results: Data of 266 physicians working in big hospitals in Riyadh showed that only 7.9% of the respondents reported that they were practicing all aspects of NC&M; including nutritional assessment, therapy, and education. Th ose who practiced any one of these aspects ranged between 13.9–40.2%, meanwhile, 28% frankly reported that they did not practice NC&M. Physicians attitude and perceived effi cacy towards NC&M was moderately high as the mean scores were greater than their midpoint. Th eir perceived barriers of NC&M were considerably moderate; as the mean total score was found to be near the midpoint of that scale. Among the seven independent variables entered the binary logistic regression of physicians practice of NC&M, only the knowledge, attitude, and selfeffi cacy scores were signifi cantly associated with their NC&M practice. Th ese three predictors contributed by 23.5% of the variation of physician practice of NC&M. Conclusions: Physicians knowledge, self-effi cacy, attitudes and other factors should be stressed in any intervention warranted to improve their nutritional practices
Abdeslam Hamrani
Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Title: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its individual components among Moroccan adolescents: The role of overweight-obesity and excess body fat
Time : 15:10-15:40
Biography:
Abdeslam Hamrani has completed his PhD at the age of 27 from Ibn Tofaïl University, Morocco and started his Postdoctoral studies in the Framework of the Erasmus Mundus Project at the Lodz University, Poland. He worked as a Trainer for PhD students in Applied Statistics and as an Assistant Professor. He has published 10 papers in reputed journals, he serves as a reviewer at three journals (Journal of the American Society for Nutrition, USA; Journal of Metabolic Syndrome, OMICS Group, USA; Net Journal of Social Sciences, UK) and he is an Author of two books
Abstract:
The prevalence of obesity and related diseases such as Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) are increasing in young populations over the world, especially in developing countries. Th is study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and its individual components and to assess their association with both overweight-obesity and excess body fat. Th is study included 192 adolescents (77 boys and 115 girls) aged 11 to 17 years. Blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, glucose and lipids levels from fasting blood samples were determined. Percent body fat was estimated using deuterium oxide. MetSwas defi ned according to international diabetes federation criteria. Th e prevalence of MetS among overweight-obese adolescents was 18.6% while it was not observed in their normal weight counterparts. Th e most common abnormality found in the study population was reduced HDL-cholesterol (26.6%) followed by elevated fasting blood glucose (22.4%) and high waist circumference (19.3%). Among overweight-obese groups, the rates of individuals with raised TG and reduced HDL-cholesterol were signifi cantly higher in boys than girls. Overweight-obese subjects had higher odds of having at least two MetS components (OR=5.37) or at least three MetS components (OR=11.80). Excess body fat showed similar degrees of association with clustering MetS components. In conclusion, the prevalence of MetS and its individual components was quite high among the study population particularly among overweight-obese adolescents. MetS components were strongly associated with both overweight-obesity and excess body fat. MetS and its components might be best predicted by obesity indexes determined according to age and body mass index in adolescents than accurate percent body fat
Rajajeyakumar Manivel
Chennai Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, India
Title: Effect of yoga type of breathing on R-R interval variability and sympatho-vagal balance: Early interventions to prevent the future risk of obesity related complications
Time : 15:40-16:10
Biography:
Rajajeya Kumar Manivel has completed his MD Physiology (2006-2009) at JIPMER-An Institution of National Importance under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India. He worked as Research Assistant (2009-2012) in Advanced Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education and Research Lab, JIPMER. He did MSc Yoga in Annamalai University and completed ISAK Level 1 and 2 (2010-11). He has published more than 20 papers in reputed national & international journals. He is serving as an expert reviewer (>14) and Editorial Board Member (>15) for many national and international journals.
Abstract:
The prevalence and severity of obesity are increasing worldwide, especially in India and other South Asian countries. Obesity increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risk through insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes etc. In recent years, Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a simple method to evaluate the sympathovagal balance at the Sino-atrial level. Th e balance was changed in favor of sympathetic activity and vagal activity was decreased in obesity. Low HRV is associated withan increased risk of coronary heart disease and sudden cardiac death. Time domain analysis of HRV uses statistical methods to quantify the diff erences between successive R-R intervals. Frequency domain analysis of HRV calculates the respiratory dependent High Frequency (HF) and the Low Frequency (LF) powers. High frequency power is mediated by vagal activity while low frequency power has been suggested to represent both sympathetic and parasympathetic activity but predominantly sympathetic modulation. Where as LF/HF ratios refl ect the mirror images of sympathovagal balance.Yoga is an ancient discipline designed to bring balance and health to the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual dimensions of the individual. Th ese techniques act through down-regulation of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) axis and the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS). Early detection and management by weight reduction and regular exercise can reduced the risk and increase HRV. Th is analysis can detect changes even before clinical signs appear. Th us regular assessment of HRV measures can be used asa biomarker for early detection and subsequent management of cardiovascular diseases in obese individuals
- Track 1: Fitness Science
Track 6: Weightloss Medications
Track 10: Underweight Management and Fitness Strategies
Location: Liberty-4
Chair
Rajiv Mahendru
B P S Government Medical College for Women, India
Co-Chair
Paramvir Singh
Punjabi University, India
Session Introduction
Rajiv Mahendru
B P S Government Medical College for Women, India
Title: Weight loss in women with Polycystic ovary syndrome remarkably benefi ts infertility
Time : 10:00-10:30
Biography:
Rajiv Mahendru possessed Post-Graduate Degree in Obstetrics and Gynaecology from Himachal Pradesh University at the age of 29 years and became one of the youngest Professors. Presently, Head of the Department in the only second medical college for women in India. He has 32 Publications in reputed journal and is the recipient of a prestigious Award for excellence in Medical fi eld. Appointed as the Chief-editor of the Special issue of an international journal of repute and has numerous presentations to his credit at international arena as an invited Guest Speaker. He is the member of Academic Board of many universities, member of recruitment for medical teachers, and assessor for establishing Medical colleges
Abstract:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is common in childbearing age and leads to issues with infertility. Such women are overweight or obese and also less sensitive to insulin or are insulin resistant as high levels of insulin cause the body to store more fat. Th ese women are more likely to develop problems related with weight gain and insulin resistance like: Infertility, Type 2 diabetes, hypertension. In PCOS, the ovaries produce excessive amounts of male sex hormones, or androgens. Th e name of the disease derives from small cysts that form on the ovaries, which do not produce enough of the hormone that triggers ovulation. When this occurs, the ovarian follicles, which have fi lled with fl uid in preparation for ovulation, remain as cysts when ovulation fails to take place. In addition to infertility, symptoms include excessive hair growth in areas that usually are relatively hairless; obesity; menstrual irregularity; thinning or balding hair on the scalp; prediabetes or diabetes; and anxiety or depression. Weight loss in these women leads to higher chances of conception, improved pregnancy outcomes and improved metabolic profi le. In PCOS, weight loss of even just 10% can improve insulin sensitivity thus benefi ting infertility besides other symptoms
Rajajeya Kumar Manivel
Chennai Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, India
Title: Chennai Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, India
Time : 10:30-11:00
Biography:
Rajajeya Kumar Manivel has completed his MD Physiology (2006-2009) at JIPMER - An Institution of National Importance under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India. He worked as Research Assistant 2009-2012 in Advanced Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education and Research Lab and JIPMER. He did MSc Yoga in Annamalai University and completed ISAK Level 1 and 2 (2010-11). He has published more than 20 papers in reputed national and international journals. He is serving as an expert reviewer (>14) and editorial Board Member (>15) in many national and international journals
Abstract:
According to WHO expert consultationby 2015 more than 700 million individuals worldwide will be obese. Th e etiology of obesity is multifactorial with interaction between genetic, individual and environmental factors. Even if genetics plays an important role, behavioral factors like poor diet and physical inactivity are the main causes linked to obesity. Recent studies have reported that the role expression of food addiction problem and development of obesity. Moreover Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and overeating, particularly excessive consumption of palatable foods. It can also trigger a perturbation of the homeostatic set point. Conventional weight loss program that included the use of very low-calorie diets, behavioral programs, exercise, drug therapy, surgery as necessary and itshould be individualized. Moreover, social, psychological and psychopathological variables are clear determinants in the development and treatment of obesity. Th e yoga-based lifestyle intervention program included yoga postures (asana), breathing exercises (pranayama) and lifestyle interventions. It has a benefi cial impact on leptin that plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure and alsoreduces the risk for cardiovascular events. Reducing obesity-related complications and changing dysfunctional behaviors should be typically carried out in a multidisciplinary context. Th e combination of mind body therapy, diet and exercise plans leads to better weight loss outcomes. To conclude, Yoga therapy can improve psycho-social-physiological wellbeing in obese population if practiced regularly along with other lifestyle modifi cations and drugs. Th erefore, traditional breathing and relaxation techniques can be prescribed along with conventional therapy to restore homeostatic set point in obese individual
Hemamalini Kola
KL University, India
Title: Impact of weightloss and fitness on health of an individual
Time : 11:20-11:50
Biography:
Kola Hemamalini has completed her PG in Food Science and Nutrition from Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi, AP, India and postgraduate Diploma in Nutrition & Dietetics from Sri Padmavathi University. She has 21 years of experience in teaching and administration. She worked as Lecturer for Food Science & Nutrition in UG programme. She was a former Principal for the NRI Junior, College, Vijayawada and G V R & S Degree & PG College, Guntur. At present she was working as Assistant Professor and Nutritionist in Koneru Lakshmaiah University, Vijayawada, AP, India. And she was pursuing her PhD in Food & Nutritional Sciences from Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, AP, India. She attended for about 15 National & International Seminars & Conferences and presented her papers. Recently in Feb 2015 she attended an International Conference on Advances in Food Technology in India
Abstract:
Weight loss and fi tness are two major concerns for the world irrespective of continent, class and age. Weight-loss in the context of medicine, health or physical fi tness refers to a reduction of the total body mass due to a mean loss of fl uid, body fat or adipose tissue and or lean mass. Weight-loss can either occur unintentionally due to an underlying disease or arise from a conscious eff ort to improve an actual or perceived overweight or obese state. Overweight and obesity are the leading risks for global deaths. Around 3.4 million adults die each year as a result of being overweight or obese. In addition, 44% of the diabetes burden, 23% of the ischemic heart disease burden and between 7% and 41% of certain cancer burdens are attributable to overweight and obesity. More than 1.4 billion adults, 20 and older were overweight. Of these overweight adults, over 200 million men and nearly 300 million women were obese. Overall, more than 10% of the world’s adult population was obese. In 2012, more than 40 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese. Once considered a high-income country problem, overweight and obesity are now on the rise in low and middle income countries particularly in urban settings. In developing countries with emerging economies (classifi ed by the World Bank as lower and middle income countries) the rate of increase of childhood overweight and obesity has been more than 30% higher than that of developed countries. Overweight and obesity are linked to more deaths worldwide than underweight. For example, 65% of the world’s population live in countries where overweight and obesity kill more people than underweight (this includes all high income and most middle income countries). Obesity aff ects our families, schools and businesses, and it threatens our economy. Obesity is a health concern, a social dilemma, a personal challenge, an economic burden and a policy issue. Th e obesity crisis harms some segments of society more than others but this problem crosses all lines of ethnicity, race, socioeconomic class, gender, age and ability. Th e primary concern related to overweight and obesity is the health risks they pose. Th e high rates of overweight and obesity in our state and nation cause decreases in life expectancy, productivity and quality of life. Weight-loss and fi tness play a major role to address the core problem of overweight and obesity
Biography:
Paramvir Singh, has completed his Ph.D in 2000 in the fi eld of Health Fitness and biomechanics (skills). Presently he is heading department of Sports Science in Punjabi University, Patiala, the premier Institute in Sports. He has published three books (Health Education and Yoga, Environmental Science) and has published 30 Research Papers and 20 Research Articles in different journals as well as Sports and Health Magazines. At present he is also president of National Health Fitness Association and Treasurer of Punjab Academy of Sciences. He is serving as an editor of Journal of Sports Science and Exercise published by the Department of Sports Science, Punjabi University, Patiala. He has organised number of events since 2008 under the name of Health Fitness conferences series.
Abstract:
Evolution has taken place in millions of years in which human race started its journey from Stone Age to telecommunication age. Th e means of health, fi tness, wellness and performance of human body has also been revolutionized dramatically i.e. the “homo-sepian†has converted into homo sedentarian. Th e conversation put forward many physical, mental, emotional and social diseases, disorders and syndromes. Obesity; also come out as a multifactorial disorder which latter on become a syndrome. Th e onset of modernization on earth has forced some similar types of prevalence specifi cally talking about the human health concerns. Th e “Globalization†which has destroyed the geo-demographic patterns in human population. Similar types of developments has given similar types of health fi tness & wellness complications.Th e change of nutrition, lifestyle, work culture and activity resulted into obesity. Th e data available online and otherwise has been suggestive of doing changes into consumptions, activities, emotional imbalanced etc. Diff erent communities of the world aspired to achieve an excellent way of urbanization as a welfare of the society, but failed to counter the magnitude of unethical concerns of it. Th e situation has been created that “obesity†has now “globesityâ€. Elimination of natural habitats, major changes of diet patterns globally, reluctant behaviors towards local wisdom and avoidance of physical activity both leisure time and occupational time may also be the factors for obesity. Also the gene expression may produce diff erent body compositions under similar or diff erent environmental conditions and may also react diff erently to the nutritional patterns (nutrigenomics). Awareness regarding body thinness, health, overweight and obesity has been understood in a way that fatty is not good for health but it has been the truth that too thin is too bad. Even though science has made a remarkable steps to preserve human health and longevity but nonsense use of technology has deacceralted human evolution and produce major adverse side eff ects.
Haeryun Park
Myongji University, Korea
Title: Discrepancy between actual body shape and self-perceived body image in different age groups among Korean women: Analysis of 2010 Korea national health and nutrition examination survey data
Time : 12:20-12:50
Biography:
Haeryun Park, Ph.D, RD, was educated at Tufts University, School of Nutrition Science and Policy from 1984 to 1990 in USA. She is also a Registered Dietitian, certified from the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Korea. Currently she is working as a professor at Myongji University, South Korea, and serving as the editor-in-chief of the international journal, Nutrition Research and Practice, which is one of the two SCI indexed nutrition journals published in South Korea. Her research areas are nutritional epidemiology, nutrition education, and nutrition policy. She has been carrying out many projects funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, KFDA, and various regional governments etc. in Korea and providing with valuable advice to the government’s policy-making process
Abstract:
Self perceived body image among women is drawing a lot of attention in Korea due to their unhealthy weight control behaviors. To determine the discrepancy ratio between body image perception and actual body shape, the 2010 KNHANES data of 1,747 Korean women were analyzed. Th e ratio of discrepancy between self-perceived body image and actual body shape was 38.5% in total showing 34.2% of oversized and 4.3% of undersized self-perception. Th e percentages of underweight women with self-perception of normal weight or obesity were 20.6%and 0.2%, respectively. Th e younger the underweight women are, the more did they regarded themselves normal or obese(p<0.05). Th e ratio of normal weight women having self-perception of obesity was 29.1% showing higher ratios in 30s and 40s compared to teens and 20s(p<0.01). On the contrary, the proportions of normal weight women having self-perception of underweight were 1.9%, 3.8%, 4.5% and 5.0% in teens, 20s, 30s, and 40s respectively. Inadequate body perception and unhealthy weight control behaviors need to be corrected to prevent nutritional disorders. Tailored nutrition education intervention has to be targeted to these women with incorrect body image perceptions
Liliia Safi na
The Ural State Institute of Physical Culture and Sports, Russia
Title: Child hood obesity: Causes and risk factors
Time : 12:50-13:20
Biography:
Liliia Safi na has completed her Bachelor degree at the age of 22 years from The Sport University. She is in fi tness since 14 years old and she started her career from group fi tness program. Now Liliia Safi na is Personal Fitness Trainer of GYM at Radisson Blu Hotel and has good recommendations and many happy clients. Her lovely kind of training is functional training and she is enjoying her profession
Abstract:
Childhood obesity is a serious problem as we look to the coming century, every year the numbers of children suff ering from this increase in both number and severity. Th e complications associated with obesity dog these children nearly from birth.My interviews and observations point to a near 100 percent correlation with poor nutrition. A one year old child simply should not be experiencing complications due to obesity brought on by poor nutritional practices.Some of the main culprits are the introduction of highly caloric baby foods and the early weaning of from breast milk so prevalent in western society today. When a child is weaned to early they become irritated, a situation that can easily be confused by a parent as hunger. Th ough a child may be soothed by a bottle oft en they are irritated not hungry this begins a cycle of unnecessary feedings designed to quiet a child that not only creates an unhealthy relationship to stress and food for a child but also causes the child to consume massive amounts of calories and micronutrients that quickly make them obese. When infant formula dosages are exceeded by young parents who are oft en ignorant of both the nutritional content of the food they feed and the required dosage needed for their infants a dangerous cycle is created that teaches stress consumption for entertainment and soothing creating generations of obesity and disease in the future. Th is cycle must be broken to turn the tide in the west. Teaching young parents about nutritional guideline for infants is imperative to stem the tide. Eating must be seen as way to replenish energy which is the vital state that a healthy relationship with food is created.